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The Cards' defense: not what it once was

When looking at the Cards' defense in '07, there is a very interesting dynamic. I don't know quite what to make of it. The Cards had sort of a Jekyll and Hyde defense in '07. We know, first of all, that Molina and Pujols are among the best in the game (despite the interminable "wisdom" of the Gold Glove voters) if not the very best at their respective positions. Despite injuries and age, Rolen was still a very good defensive 3B as well.

On the other hand, Eckstein's defense regressed to the point where Mozeliak was so opposed to bringing him back that he refused to even offer arbitration. There was some debate about the stats vs. scouts approach in the threads over the past week. I think both scouts and statheads could agree that Eckstein's defense was particularly bad last year. Certainly the stats support it and I can't remember reading 1 comment defending his play at short. Duncan cemented his reputation as a 1B/DH while playing LF and those of us who defended Encarnacion's defense in '06 had a really tough time doing so last year. Edmonds, too, did little to impress in center.

The team numbers reflect our schizophrenic defense as well. On the bad side, the Cards offered up the 2nd most unearned runs in the NL. That number's a little deceiving as it reflects our poor pitching staff as well as our very mediocre defense. Nonetheless, it's not a feather in our caps. Our RZR was 9th in the NL and that of our outfield was dead last in the league. The infield's RZR was much better, ranking 5th in the league, which helped bring our overall RZR to just below league average.

The Dr. Jekyll side of our defense was that our number of outs made outside of the fielder's zone was 2nd in the NL. For the infielders, it was the best in the NL. Maybe this isn't all that surprising considering the fact that Pujols and Rolen played the corner IF positions but Eckstein still had more than 900 innings at short. Even the outfield, whose RZR was last in the NL, finished 5th in the number of outs made outside their zones.

So, let me get this straight: the Cards were relatively poor at turning balls hit INTO our respective zones into outs and were very good at turning balls hit OUTSIDE of our respective defensive zones into outs? Can anyone reconcile this? Should Tony and Dave McKay move our fielders so that routine plays become much more difficult just so we'll make more of them? That's a joke, of course, but it's meant to highlight the unusual dichotomy that seemed to exist w/ the Cards' defense in '07.

Still, it's inescapable that the Cards' defense took a big step backward in '07. You'd have to think that the fact that the Cards surrendered 104 more runs than they scored last year is partly attributable to their relatively porous defense. Not since 1999 had the Cards had a defensive efficiency ratio as low as it was in '07 (.689). Defensive efficiency ratio is a ratio of the percentage of batted balls in play that are turned into outs by the defense. For the previous 7 years, the Cards had been around or over .700 - among the top 3-4 in the NL. Last year, we finished 9th - as I said, it's a big step backward.

You'd have to think that the lengths Mozeliak went to bring in Izturis to play SS is an attempt at a big defensive upgrade for the infield's most important defensive position. Perhaps it will work. Glaus, of course, replaces Rolen at third and I think that I and LB have made a fairly convincing case here and here that the downgrade at third should be slight. Again, Rolen's better but Glaus can hold his own at the hot corner. The other big changes, of course, will take place in the OF where either Ankiel or Rasmus will replace Edmonds in CF with either Ankiel or Ludwick (or both) manning RF much of the year. They'll replace the always underwhelming Juan Encarnacion. It's difficult to say what to expect out here. Ankiel's defense in RF last year, according the available metrics, was outstanding. Of course, we're talking about a grand total of 197 innings - not exactly enough to make a cogent argument. FWIW, those same metrics have him being beyond abysmal in CF in even fewer innings. In my mind, he's a good enough athlete and has a good enough arm that I'll give him the benefit of the doubt at either position. He'll make some mistakes, to be sure, as he's very raw in the OF but he'll make some excellent plays as well. I'd bet that, on the whole, he'll be fine whether he's in CF or RF. Ludwick played a more than respectable OF last year as well and Rasmus is reported to be an above-average CF. It's doubtful that Duncan will be any worse.

Still, our infield should be better defensively than our OF as 1/3 of our OF will be poor defensively. Kennedy is the worst defender in the infield and he's about average defensively. Even if Miles ends up spending a lot of time at 2b, he's not considerably worse than Kennedy. If he spends a lot of time at short...well, that's a different story altogether.

I don't see the Cards' pitching staff being all that different (in terms of pitching to the defense) than it was last year either. As we know, Tony and Duncan are very ground-ball-oriented. The major addition to the pitching staff so far has been Matt Clement and he's set to take most of the innings (assuming he's able) that went to Kip Wells last year. Both Clement and Wells have career GB%'s in the 45-48% range so we shouldn't see a significant difference in the number of ground balls w/ the addition of Clement. Right now, the 5th spot is set to be between Mulder, Thompson, and Reyes (seriously?). If Thompson and Mulder take the bulk of those 32 or so starts that should increase the number of grounders our infielders see. Reyes' GB% last year was 35.2% while Thompson's was a career-low 49.5%. Mulder's historically has been over 50%. Interestingly, if Reyes isn't part of the '08 rotation, Braden Looper will have the lowest GB% of all the starters.

So the infielders are likely to see a few more grounders this year than last. That certainly plays to our relative defensive strength. Hopefully that, and a slightly improved pitching staff, can reduce the number of unearned runs from 88. The Cubs, by comparison, surrendered 40 unearned runs - that's almost a 5 win difference and our defense gave up 2 wins to the Brewers just in terms of unearned runs.

So it's likely that all 3 areas (pitching, hitting, defense) of the team will be slightly improved over last year but there's a lot of ground to make up as the Cards had 71 pythagorean wins and, as I said, a -104 run differential in '07. While there will be marginal improvement in the Cards' defense in '08, we're still a long way from where we were just a few years ago.

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As usual, HC
it sounds like you are dead nuts on.

A modestly improved defense, offense and pitching gets us within sniffing distance of .500.  The problem is we will still be at least 10 wins behind the Cubs.  

The St. Louis Cardinals- 11 time World Champions!

by Zubin on Jan 20, 2008 3:49 AM EST reply actions   0 recs

Wow.
That is absolutely brutal.  I hadn't really looked all that closely at the defensive numbers from last year; I knew the team was much worse than in previous years, but not that much worse.  

When you're giving up entire wins to the Brewers defense, you're in real trouble.  

Nobody puts Baby in the corner.

by the red baron on Jan 20, 2008 6:33 AM EST reply actions   0 recs

Positioning
Is it possible the dichotomy on plays made outside of the zone could be due to positioning?  And if that's true, then Rolen's famous irritation over that same positioning could have beem unjustified?

by knieriemd on Jan 20, 2008 7:07 AM EST reply actions   0 recs

It seems to me
that LaRussa and McKay are very good at positioning the defense so you may be on to something. I don't understand how these players can get to balls outside their zones and throw the runners out but have a very hard time doing that on balls in their zones. Are they fumbling balls hit right at them and catching them if they have to go get them? I do agree, however, that the coaching has something to do w/ them getting to balls outside their zones. Why they're able to field them and make the plays and not do that when they're hit at them makes no sense to me.

by chuckb on Jan 20, 2008 10:05 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

I think this is
simply Rolen and Pujols, along with a good showing by Kennedy when you look at his OOZ as a rate. The MI is nothing special, but when you have two good corners and a first baseman that's among the few that laps the competition in ranging out of his zone, you are setting yourself for some weird results. It's not like the OOZ spread is all that large anyway.

Besides, the infield is above average in RZR as a group.

The discrepancy is in the OF, where they are 12 OOZ plays above average, but below average in RZR. Duncan made as many OOZ plays by rate as Matt Holliday, and if you look at Taguchi and Ludwick, they went nuts making 34 in a little over 500 innings. That would be ~15 more than Eric Byrnes (the LF leader) in the same amount of playing time. However, Duncan got the majority of the playing time and posted an RZR worse than Burrell or Dunn.

Our six RF look pretty normal at a glance, well, except for Spiezio and the fact that Ankiel went out of zone 19 times in 197 innings! If he had kept that up (impossible) for the same amount of innings as Jeff Francouer, he'd have 40 more OOZ plays than anyone else in all of baseball, and 80 more than the closest RF (Kearns).

Anyway, THT's defensive stats aren't all that great anyway and don't do simple stuff like batter/pitcher handedness as far as I know. You are just looking at a smallish spread (-40 OOZ for the whole team over thousands and thousands of player innings and I'm not making this post) and some really weird results in the corners from rangy hands of stone Duncan where he pulls down the RZR and helps the OOZ, and some outlier play from Ankiel and Pujols (and Ludwick and Taguchi are going to be much better than your average NL DH, I mean, left fielder).

I don't think it has much to do with positioning. Just a weird year and some unique defenders.

by plh903 on Jan 20, 2008 11:06 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Duncan
good point about Duncan, though w/ him I think it is due to positioning. He's positioned back almost on the warning track. Therefore, he probably does make a lot of plays outside the zone, b/c he's positioned outside the zone.

by chuckb on Jan 20, 2008 11:15 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

That could
be the case, even though anecdotally you someone could say that he made some plays he shouldn't have and didn't make some ones that he should've. You could say that about anyone, but you know what I mean.

As long I don't have to watch him go back on the ball. I'm running out of lamps.

by plh903 on Jan 20, 2008 11:22 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Houstoncardinal
You are a good stat guy.

I wonder how many balls were bobbled on potential double plays last year?  I know you can't assume a double play but it seems that Eck had a ton of inbetween hops eat him up last year.  It seems like there were times the birds should have gotten 1 or 2 outs but ended up getting none or one out.

Eck just got killed by that inbetween hop, and I think a lot of it had to deal with his bad back.  He could not bend or move properly all the time to get in proper position.

by ICbirdfan on Jan 20, 2008 1:40 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Today, men. Today...
is about football.  Let us turn out eyes from the green fields of Busch to the frozen tundra of Lambeau Field, and the windy expanse of Gillette stadium.

Alright, there ends the poetic license. These may be the best football games of the year; steam coming off of linemen, fans in blaze orange, hits that not only hurt, but sting.  Having gone to Lambeau for the Detroit game (18degrees) and sitting on the bleachers as my butt became a solid block of ice, I can only wish I was there today.  

So, while baseball is my favorite sport, today I will be consumed with a league where PEDs don't seem to be that big a deal (but they should be, salaries are capped, and Joe Buck is calling the game.  Now that I think of it, Joe Buck calls everything...he's sort of a broadcasting slut.

Anyhoo - predictions anyone?
I'm going with Green Bay, 23-17 and New England, 28-20.

Go Pack.  If I was at my parents house in WI, the game would be on in every room, the stores would be empty, and the streets clear of traffic.  But I'm not, so I'll settle for a few barley pops and a pizza.

"Dude, we're running out of stadium" - said on the way to our seats in Section 428.

by bukowski on Jan 20, 2008 10:35 AM EST reply actions   0 recs

Dude.
Broadcasting slut!

by sdrone on Jan 20, 2008 11:11 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

No kidding
What would Jack say?
BTW Jack did football games also.

by That's a Winner on Jan 20, 2008 11:34 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

I like Joe Buck
But if they keep score, he'll call it.
"Dude, we're running out of stadium" - said on the way to our seats in Section 428.

by bukowski on Jan 20, 2008 7:55 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Good post.
I suspect that, in the next few years, we will be talking a lot more about defense than we have in the past.  For one thing the defensive statistics will hopefully be coming of age and there should be lively debate about the relative merits of the various systems vs. each other and vs. observation.  It is my opinion, also, that, if we really are entering the post steroid age, defense will gradually be recognized as being a more important part of making a winning team.  More balls will be staying in the park forcing teams to decide if they can really afford to have the Chris Duncans and Carlos Lees of the game out there fielding them.  Better defensive players will be taking more of their playing time away from them and they, in turn, will put more balls in play than they do forcing other teams to make those decisions.  This won't happen over night but the teams that anticipate this and make sure that their defense is solid all around may give themselves an advantage.

by easy on Jan 20, 2008 10:37 AM EST reply actions   0 recs

Post steriod age
maybe over but we are still in full swing of the PED age. Until they get a test for HGH I think the ball will still fly over the fence alot.
If MLB does get cleaned up (BIG IF) then I agree with your thinking.

by That's a Winner on Jan 20, 2008 11:27 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

HGH
once again -- no effect on strength. Steroids may help baseballs go over the fence; HGH doesn't...period.

by chuckb on Jan 20, 2008 11:56 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

True
but as a player ages it will help them hold on to their strength, recover faster and play like a 25 year old at 37. If it didn't help players wouldn't take it. OK some of them are idiots and would pop birth control pills if someone told them it would help.

BTW Nice post today HC.

by That's a Winner on Jan 20, 2008 1:25 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Uh, no...
...the anti-aging effects of HGH are mostly mythical.  HGH doesn't add strength, period...no matter what your baseline.  However, it might help you look better (for those who think you need to look better to perform:  Will Clark, David Wells...folks).  Oh, and if you take alot of it you'll look like one of those caricatures they do at carnivals.  Fun times!

And you answered your own bad argument there.  Exactly.  Irresponsible players looking for an edge will probably take just about anything.  And even the studious player can be lead astray.  There are alot of companies marketing PED's...and theirs is, of course, a wonder drug.  You need only watch a little late night television to realize that just because people, even loads of people, are buying it doesn't mean it doesn't work.

Cardinals, Cardinals, Cardinals!

by GOOCH24 on Jan 20, 2008 11:24 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

I have to ask
have they done any real testing of HGH on normal people or HGH in higher than usual doses?  I honestly don't know but if this statement is based on the fact that it doesn't promote muscle growth under normal treatment uses (undersized adolescents, i think) than that may not be true in the abnormal uses.

by azruavatar on Jan 21, 2008 2:03 AM EST up reply actions   0 recs

I wonder what
they were doing in 1955, when players hit a homer once every 33 at-bats just like in 2007?

by plh903 on Jan 20, 2008 12:14 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

bravo Houstoncard
a most excellent post... and I understood every word.  Well written.  I was especially pleased that you didn't alphabet soup us to death.

I can add nothing, except my own seat-of-the-pants observation... that without Eck at SS, without Enc in RF, with So gone (his skills slipped badly), with Speez in a more limited defensive role (I hope), and with Wells not among the starting pitchers, of course we should be better defensively.

by the Tewk on Jan 20, 2008 12:50 PM EST reply actions   0 recs

Glovework or Arms?
Can we ever hope to find a simple breakout out of percent of errors as throwing errors%? Why is this hard to find?

We know that Pujols saved our MI from a lot of those, but he can't help them when they boot it.  Conversely, it is next to impossible for the OF to get charged with a throwing error, but it sure is nice to see guys like Ank that have the ability to get an OF Assist (like jed used to).  

There too it would be interesting to see a ranking of teams according to how many doubles they give up.  How many times last year did we see a guy get to second, that we thought another team would have forced them to take the turn and go back?  That might be easy to do,  see ya.

by Birds on the Bat on Jan 20, 2008 1:17 PM EST reply actions   0 recs

The Hardball Times has it
the Cards had 47 throwing errors (6th most in the NL) vs. 72 fielding errors (most in the NL) so your point is probably correct. Maybe we are worse fielders than it appears but Pujols made Eckstein and some of the others appear better than they really are.

You can also go to the hardball times and sort individual players' throwing errors vs. fielding errors. The only problem, of course, with using errors as a gauge is that it's so dependent on the home team's scorer. There's so much subjectivity and, potentially, bias involved that it's not a very reliable measure of defense.

Anyway, if you want the Cards' defensive #'s, including fielding and throwing errors, go here

by chuckb on Jan 20, 2008 5:10 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Thanks HC
But I still can't find where at Hard Ball Times you were able to rank teams according throwing errors or  fielding errors, (I did find this for individuals from your link, thank you).

I also could not find a place to show how many doubles they gave up, or team outfield assists.  It shouldn't be this hard, but thanks.

by Birds on the Bat on Jan 20, 2008 6:46 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

At the top of the page
there's a link to "team statistics"

by chuckb on Jan 20, 2008 8:35 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

Hopefully this year our offense can better support
the weak pitching staff and defense.  Last year we couldn't score enough runs to compensate for our deficiencies on defense/pitching.  With Ankiel, Ludwick, a healthy 3rd baseman that can hit 30-40 runs, Pujols, and a much more potent bench we should be able to score a lot more runs.
I'm looking for the next Bobby Bonilla?

by showmejoe on Jan 20, 2008 1:20 PM EST reply actions   0 recs

Chris Carpenter begins throwing
Luckily, that means we are ahead of schedule and he should be ready for his second elbow surgery sometime in September.
I will be boxer briefs

by Hardcore Legend on Jan 20, 2008 6:04 PM EST reply actions   0 recs

Calm down
Paletta will need to scope his shoulder first.

by sdrone on Jan 20, 2008 10:53 PM EST up reply actions   0 recs

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