reyes and RISP
the winless anthony reyes has his best shot at a victory tonight, pitching at home against the punchless nationals. reyes' best outing of the year came in just such a start --- at home against a weak-hitting team (the rockies) on may 7. the nats are scoring only 3.6 runs a game, worse even than the cardinals (3.64), and they're nearly as bad on the road (3.7 rpg) as they are in their run-stifling home ballpark (3.4).
a few of us were discussing reyes recently, mulling over an article about reyes' incredibly low rate of stranding runners. when guys get on base against him, they score. not surprisingly, reyes has a pronounced situational split: he gets hit much harder when there are men on base against him, and especially when they're in scoring position.
| bases empty |
men on | w/ RISP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| avg | .196 | .319 | .318 |
| obp | .255 | .372 | .360 |
| slg | .324 | .580 | .682 |
| ops | .579 | .952 | 1.042 |
so we were wondering: what gives? could it be that reyes loses some juice off his fastball when pitching out of the stretch? maybe he's tipping his pitches? i offered another possible explanation: "i wonder if he starts nibbling with his off-speed stuff when there are men on base, falls into hitters' counts and has to groove fastballs. we're compiling our pitch-selection charts for the first 1/4 of the season, and if that pattern exists we should be able to spot it."
the pattern exists --- most emphatically. as you all may recall, a group of devoted volunteers have been dutifully charting every pitch thrown by a cardinal pitcher this season: coding for pitch type, speed, location, and about a gazillion other factors. our pitch-charter for anthony reyes' starts is Solanus (who you probably recall from his front-page post on tuesday about the Challenge Rating System). i aggregated his charts this morning and did a little quick analysis in Excel, breaking down reyes' pitch selection by situation. have a gander --- these are percentages:
| bases empty |
men on | w/ RISP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fastball | 74 | 63 | 59 |
| curve | 17 | 21 | 21 |
| changeup | 9 | 15 | 20 |
with nobody on base, he pumps that fastball in there 3/4 of the time --- but when guys get on base against him he turns increasingly to his off-speed stuff. the trend is even more pronounced on the first pitch of the at-bat:
| bases empty |
men on | w/ RISP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fastball | 75 | 60 | 53 |
| curve | 19 | 27 | 26 |
| changeup | 6 | 13 | 21 |
when pitching with men in scoring position, reyes starts nearly half of his at-bats with an off-speed pitch --- and, curiously enough, is more apt to throw a first-pitch curveball (his 3d-best pitch) than a first-pitch changeup. reyes had one of the most effective changeups in baseball last season. the heavy reliance on the curve to start out those critical at-bats is all the more curious because he struggles to throw that pitch for strikes --- just 53 percent of the time in 2007, according to our charts. that helps explain why reyes throws a first-pitch strike only 55 percent of the time --- below the league average --- with men in scoring position. with the bases empty, reyes is an above-average strike-thrower (62 percent).
when reyes does go to the fastball in RISP situations, he apparently relies more than ever on his four-seamer. since the 2-seamer and 4-seamer can be difficult to distinguish on tv, we're not even trying to code them differently --- a fastball gets coded as a fastball, never mind the grip. however, we are charting pitch speed and location, and therein lies the tale. pitch location gets coded on a 5-tier vertical scale --- zone 1 is a ball high, zone 2 is a high strike, zone 3 is at the waist, zone 4 is at the knees, and zone 5 is a ball low. looking only at reyes' fastball, here are the zone percentages in each situation:
| bases empty |
men on | w/ RISP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zone 1 | 4 | 6 | 6 |
| zone 2 | 12 | 20 | 19 |
| zone 3 | 43 | 35 | 35 |
| zone 4 | 30 | 31 | 31 |
| zone 5 | 11 | 8 | 8 |
with men on base, reyes is more prone to elevate his fastball into zones 1 and 2 --- that's the 4-seamer. consistent with this finding, reyes' fastball gains velocity with men on base:
| bases empty |
men on | w/ RISP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 90+ mph | 66 | 73 | 78 |
| 89- mph | 34 | 27 | 22 |
| avg speed | 90.2 | 90.6 | 90.8 |
with the bases empty, only 66 percent of reyes' fastballs are above 90 mph, but with RISP that proportion rises to 78 percent --- and the average speed is more than half an mph faster. faster fastball, higher fastball --- 4-seamer.
so let's put this all together. with nobody on base, reyes pounds the strike zone with his fastball and gets batters out. when he gets into trouble, he ditches the fastball and turns to his off-speed stuff, which causes him to fall behind in counts; when he does throw a fastball, it's more likely to be a) a 4-seamer, and b) a hitter's count.
what to do? a few possibilities right off the top:
- stay with the same pattern, but execute it better. just get the curve over; hitters aren't looking for it, so the pitch doesn't have to be perfect.
- attack with the 4-seamer early in the count. match strength against strength: hitters will be up there looking for a fastball, so give them one and see what they do with it. reyes locates that pitch very well; the onus will be on him to hit the corners and keep hitters from squaring that pitch up.
- attack with the 2-seamer. hitters are looking for a fastball, but not that fastball; if reyes can get it over and keep it down, he may keep guys off-balance. the danger, of course, is that if he throws a sinker that doesn't sink, the ball's apt to be hit a long way.
i'll be paying attention to his pitch selection tonight when men get on base against him.
as long as we're on the subject of young pitchers with good fastballs, derrick goold has an interesting article up today about adam ottavino and the two-seamer. you may recall that i talked to adam about that very subject last year, in a piece i titled "the indoctrination of adam." it sounds as if ottavino, like reyes before him, is not swallowing his medicine very cooperatively.
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62 comments
Comments
I hate reading articles like that about Ott
re: charting pitches. I think that information is very telling of Reyes. It's not necessarily his stuff, it's his approach although, I'd like to see the mph higher. If he is still throwing the fastball in the low-90s, however, that seems like he's lost a little velocity.
by azruavatar on May 25, 2007 10:09 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
It seems to me...
Maybe this 21-year-old know-it-all should listen when Lilliquist tells him that the pitches that made him successful in college and in the low minors aren't going to get it done in the majors. Ottavino should be focusing on achieving future success with St.Louis, not current success in Florida.
by guayzimi on May 25, 2007 10:59 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Martinez, Lilliquist, Duncan, La Russa et al
The idea of pitching low in the zone to induce weak grounders isn't without merit, but some pitchers just aren't capable of that. If every pitcher could get by with just a 2 seam fastball, we wouldn't have knuckleballers or submarine deliveries that seem to rise up, or wicked curves and sliders. I think this obsession with 2-seam fastballs is bumpkiss that is retarding some of our players development.
I think ottavino should be focused on finding his strength as a pitcher. If he really needs to make adjustments to his pitching repetoire, he'll figure that out. What they are doing is taking a method that works (4-seam, strikeout) and forcing these kids to use a method that isn't working for them (2-seam, contact). I wouldn't listen to them either if that was the case.
by azruavatar on May 25, 2007 11:53 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Well...
In any case, it just struck me that this kid thinks the best way to move forward is to go back to what worked in college. That seems like bad judgment on his part.
As for submariners, I thought they all sucked...
by guayzimi on May 25, 2007 12:10 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
not to be a grammer nazi
It's obviously difficult to take connotative meaning from written words but they didn't say it was just Ott's 4-seamer.
by azruavatar on May 25, 2007 1:01 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Not to be a spelling Nazi ...
Irony 1, azruavatar 0
by dontEATnachos on May 25, 2007 1:43 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
"of course it's company policy
sorry, I couldn't resist ;)
by SleepyCA on May 25, 2007 1:52 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
amen, azru --- and i would also add this
the cardinals are taking another approach --- ie, actively discouraging guys (reyes and ottavino, anyway) from pitching to their natural strength. on the contrary, they're telling the pitcher: "your natural strength is a weakness." instead of introducing new pitches as complements to support the bread-n-butter pitch, the cards introduce new pitches and tell the kid: "this is now your main pitch."
i could understand it if the cardinals took the first approach. i don't understand why they take the second one.
by lboros on May 25, 2007 12:16 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Well said LB
I might not be completely accurate on this, but if memory serves me right, I think this topic was touched on (very lightly) in TLR's book, and they never really answered it. Just gave the reasons that "you pitch to contact," "the 4-seam fastball will get whacked in the majors," and "this is now your main pitch, throw the 2-seamer." It would appear that, so far as the book reveals, this approach (the second that you mention) is pushed by Tony and Duncan. But as I said, I might not be completely accurate in my memory here.. just what I recall.
I'd go so far as to say the first approach you mentioned would be the BETTER approach, in many aspects: player development, player/coach/manager relations, etc.
by SmashedAtoms on May 25, 2007 12:30 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Ditto
Sure, don't start hitters off with the high hard straight one, but as part of a repetoire, it should be successful.
by OCCardsFan on May 25, 2007 2:27 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Who's call?
So, is it Duncan's game plan? Is it his primary catcher Bennett's fault? Molina has caught him a few times also. Is there a difference in pitch selection between the two? If not, I'd call it Duncan's plan.
Personally, I attribute it to a continuence of trying to make the pitcher mold to the plan instead of developing a specific plan for a pitcher's strengths.
by RedbirdRay on May 25, 2007 10:12 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
i agree w your conclusion Ray
by lboros on May 25, 2007 10:18 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Duncan's plan calls for first-pitch curveballs?
Your decription of the things Reyes does with bases empty -- "pound the strikezone (low) and gets batters out" -- is classic Duncan mantra. Could this be the opposite problem, where Reyes loses faith in the gameplan as soon as someone get on, and starts going to his secondary stuff?
Also, we don't have the benefit of knowing what the other pitchers are doing with men on. If we take Looper as the example of a guy who has wholeheartedly drank the Duncan kool-ade and who has no desire to abandon the plan, how does his situational pitching compare?
by taiko on May 25, 2007 10:34 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
we should really take notice tonight
It strikes me that Duncan's plan would be to throw the 2 seamer w/ a runner on 1st. That pitch seems to lend itself more to the DP. I think taiko's probably right -- that Reyes gets uncomfortable w/ a runner(s) on base and is more apt to scrap the game plan.
As for Looper, I'm the one charting him and I'd be willing to bet that he throws a greater % of fastballs than any other pitcher on the staff. He throws more off-speed pitches to the best hitters in the other lineup and almost exclusively fastballs to others. I'd be surprised if the pattern is any different w/ runners on base -- sinkers to the regular/bad hitters in the lineup, fastball/splitter to the best hitters in the lineup.
by chuckb on May 25, 2007 10:49 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
taiko, that's another interpretation
it's duncan who has no faith in the 4-seamer and wants reyes to throw it less often. i think duncan believes strongly in avoidance --- don't throw to the batter's strengths. duncan thinks the 4-seamer is a hittable pitch, and reyes' changeup has become very well known and hitters are looking for it; so i think duncan draws up a game plan that features a pitch the hitters are not looking for. i believe that's how duncan thinks it through. obviously there's some common sense in that approach, but i don't think it translates well to a pitcher like reyes who has a limited range. it might work well for a more well-rounded pitcher, who can go to his #3 or #4 pitch in a tight spot without too big a stepdown in quality. for reyes, the stepdown is very big. he just doesn't have the command of the curve or the 2-seamer.
also, if reyes were scrapping the gameplan we'd be hearing about it from la russa and duncan. they always let us known when bullheads like marquis or garrett stephenson were deviating from the game plan. reyes is drawing nothing but praise right now from the brass. he rarely shakes off the sign --- watch tonight and you'll see that he throws the pitch the catcher calls, almost without fail. he's following the plan dave and tony think best, but so far it's not working ---- either because a) reyes is executing it poorly, or because b) the game plan doesn't put him in the situation where he's most likely to succeed.
i think reasonable people can disagree about whether the problem is a) or b).
by lboros on May 25, 2007 11:31 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
points taken
It will be interesting to watch tonight... though I won't be rooting for the Nationals to get on base just for the sake of our experiment.
by taiko on May 25, 2007 2:26 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
"Attack with the 4 seamer"
Also, the stats we get out of this deal with you guys mapping every pitch are unbelievable. Great work.
by sdrone on May 25, 2007 10:13 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
How do you come to that conclusion?
With bases empty he throws the 2-seamer more and has more success. Why is the 4-seamer the answer?
by enoscountry on May 25, 2007 10:49 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
A pycological response?
Could this just be a psycological response? Since Reyes throws 75% fastballs with the bases empty, I imagine hitters most likely get a hit off the fastball. After the hit he thinks he has go to a different pitch (either to keep the hitters guessing or because he suddenly thinks his fastball is hittable), so he goes to a curve or change.
Just a theorey.
by Zubin on May 25, 2007 10:19 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
I don't think Reyes is calling the pitches
**I do this on mlb 07 lol. Never works for me either. I think I'm going to start following lb's approach and keep with the 4 seamer.
by paCardsFan on May 25, 2007 10:34 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
It seems LB has already pointed out
by Zubin on May 25, 2007 4:10 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
this is a really good point
by chuckb on May 25, 2007 10:52 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Could you break pitch selection down by innings?
Reyes' ERA in the first inning is 12.38 - over twice his ERA overall. This first inning problem motivated TLR to think Reyes isn't warming up enough - which I don't buy.
Obviously they're related, but I wonder how these pitch patterns come out by inning. It's weird because you'd think Reyes would rely on his fastball more in early innings and then go to the changeup after he established it.
by enoscountry on May 25, 2007 10:40 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
i'll try to find time for that today
by lboros on May 25, 2007 11:33 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Insight
There's no reason a newspaper columnist couldn't do this sort of analysis, but almost none of them do. Yet your post has given me real insight into what Reyes is doing on the mound in a way that a column on his struggles that includes a few quotes from him, his coaches, and his teammates doesn't. It will change the way I watch his next few starts for the better; it will make me a better and more attentive fan.
The columnists and the professional sportswriters still have their role; after all, having access to players and coaches does still help round out coverage of a team, and they've got that access in a way that bloggers (for now) don't. But our sports experience would be a hell of a lot more full if the pros--especially the columnists--would take a serious look at the in-depth work the fans and amateurs are doing and see what they can learn from it. There's a level of commitment and passion about the game here that--whether because of understandable burnout, deadline or space pressures, or other reasons--a lot of sportswriters don't seem to be able to muster.
(Which leads to a shout-out to Joe Posnanski of the KC Star, who has taken to blogging like a natural, or an obsessed fan, rather than a detached pro.)
Anyway, thanks again, lboros. Your work continues to be a big part of my enjoyment of the summer.
by levistahl on May 25, 2007 10:41 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
thanks levi
my appreciation and thanks to all those guys for their efforts.
once i get all the charts organized and aggregated, i'm going to make them available publicly so that any member of the community can download the data and do this type of analysis. if i'm a good worker bee, maybe ready by next week.
by lboros on May 25, 2007 11:39 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Inducing ground balls
by eglasier on May 25, 2007 10:50 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Dead Last in DP's
Thnaks lb for another informative post.
by Birds on the Bat on May 25, 2007 12:00 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Drafting
Just seems like an area where the different front office factions may disagree and therefore it hurts the organization as a whole. Draft selections should be ones who fit well within the teaching philosophy of the organization. Why try and draft people to change them, instead of drafting people and imporving the strengths they already possess.
by tjgila on May 25, 2007 11:33 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
in some respects
by erik on May 25, 2007 11:49 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
mike parisi also fits this draft profile
by lboros on May 25, 2007 12:19 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
HS pitchers
by the red baron on May 25, 2007 6:13 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Reyes Start Against White Sox
I'm interested -- has anyone charted Reyes' one-hitter against the White Sox? Obviously, there weren't a whole lot of baserunners in that game, but we could still see his overall pitch usage.
by sgfcards on May 25, 2007 12:48 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
The real trick there
Plus, the White Sox broadcast (the one offered in MLB.TV's archives) has a completely screwed up gun, at least early in the game.
by Solanus on May 25, 2007 1:14 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Gameday issues
I'm just wondering about the accuracy of the data. Having known some people who worked for gameday, I am more likely to trust random individuals at home watching TV. Regardless, I still think the effort is great and worthwhile - thanks.
by enoscountry on May 25, 2007 1:29 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
This is a great point
by chuckb on May 25, 2007 7:10 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Thanks for all the hard work
Anyway just felt it was time to share some Kudos.. Bull Durham is on TV and the Cards have won 3 Straight only thing that would make life better is a win tonight.
by cyko42 on May 25, 2007 1:26 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
this is just sad
by punchinjudy on May 25, 2007 2:00 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
try this one
by punchinjudy on May 25, 2007 2:24 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
from the ottavino article
It might not be a bad strategy. You get noticed in the minors for striking people out, not walking people, and not giving up runs. With a minor league infield behind you you can't necessarily count on balls being caught and double plays executed the way they would be at the big league level; the best way for him to rise is to strike out a bunch of a-ballers and then start pitching to contact when he gets guys behind him that he can trust (and guys with bats that can hurt him).
by SleepyCA on May 25, 2007 2:01 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
game today
Sounds like we have a mid-season Looper on our hands . . .
by aet15 on May 25, 2007 2:08 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
i truly feel bad for Nats players this year
i don't know if I could show up everday for that.
by azruavatar on May 25, 2007 2:13 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Church/Zimmerman/Kearns/Lopez
by Ankiels Missing Curveball on May 25, 2007 4:25 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Zimmerman is on his way up
Zimmerman has an OPS just above .700
same for Kearns
Lopez is terrible with a .298 OBP and .365 SLG
The Nationals are a truly horrible offensive team.
by azruavatar on May 25, 2007 10:00 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yeah
But yeah, not to mention playing in that excuse for a stadium that they see every day.
by aet15 on May 25, 2007 4:56 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
My question
by cardsgirl95 on May 25, 2007 5:22 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
My bad
by cardsgirl95 on May 25, 2007 5:33 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Reyes
I have a theory that Reyes is deliberately putting less zip on his fastball early in the game so as to last longer. As a result, guys are teeing off on his 88mph heater early in games. Am I wrong here?
by Eckstreem on May 25, 2007 2:44 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
i'll look it up
by lboros on May 25, 2007 3:20 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
It's also not just the first inning
I'll try to find hte numbers. The Cubs announcers had stats on batting average against on Reyes going through an opposing lineup.
1st time through: hitting over .500
2nd time through: something more respectable like .250 or .270, I can't remember.
3rd time through: Reyes smacked people around. Like under .200, IIRC
by sdrone on May 25, 2007 3:26 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
lineups, per bernie
dunc
pujols
encarnacion
rolen
edmonds
molina
miles
reyes
lopez
guzman
zimmerman
church
kearns
d. young
schneider
logan
bowie
Ryan Franklin is available to pitch 2-nite...
--B
by DCGreg on May 25, 2007 5:14 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Like that lineup
Is Kennedy forever stuck in the doghouse at this point? I know Miles is hitting well as of late and certainly deserves the starts, but I know we didn't sign a free agent, 3 year middle infield backup.
by Hardcore Legend on May 25, 2007 5:27 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Not the standard lefty lineup
by cardsgirl95 on May 25, 2007 5:36 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yeah
by aet15 on May 25, 2007 5:52 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
THis guy Bowie...
I think Kennedy has landed himself in the doghouse...
by guayzimi on May 25, 2007 6:57 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Reyes and Ottavino
As for Ottavino, the notion that a pitching coach would claim that a 94 mph fastball is going to get whacked, at any level, is absolutely ridiculous. Can major league hitters hit 94? Yes. Can they hit it hard? Yes, at times. Is there a cause and effect relationship? Come on. You have got to be kidding me. Curt Shilling has always thrown a four seamer hard. He tends to be up in the zone. And last I checked, he may be an asshole, but he's still a pretty damn good pitcher. The majority of pitchers, in fact, throw a four seam fastball as their primary pitch. Very few of them have the kind of velocity that Ottavino is capable of mustering, yet this young man is still being told that he has to change his approach to be successful. I just don't get it.
by the red baron on May 25, 2007 5:56 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs



















